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Technical measures to achieve a cleaner production mode for recycled paper mills

Chao HE, Zhaolin GU, Shucheng YANG, Jidong LIANG, Weina DAI, Yanling HE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 466-474 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0242-x

摘要： China’s paper production reached 79.8 ×10 t in 2008 and ranked number one in the world. Because of its high consumption of water, energy and materials and its serious pollution, the present processes are not likely to be sustainable. An alternative, the closed Water Loop-Papermaking Integration (WLPI) method, is put forward in this paper. The WLPI method can be realized in a recycled paper mill by adding technologies and using recycled water. Many industrial case studies have shown that a large quantity of water, energy and materials can be saved, and the quantity of waste sludge and wastewater discharge was minimized by using the WLPI method. The design of the water reuse system, control of calcium hardness, water recycling and minimal waste sludge are discussed. Anaerobic technology plays an important role in the WLPI method to lower cost, energy use and waste. In the brown paper and coated white board production, zero-effluent discharge can be realized. Fresh water consumption is only 1–2 m ·t . For the paper mills with deinking and bleaching processes, about 10 m ·t of fresh water and a similar amount of effluent discharge are needed. Power saving using anaerobic technology is 70% when recycled water is used in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process. Waste sludge can be decreased to about 5% of the initial process due to reuse of the waste sludge and the lower bio-sludge production of the anaerobic process.

关键词： water reuse zero discharge anaerobic treatment recycled paper cleaner production

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Progress on cleaner production of vinyl chloride monomers over non-mercury catalysts

Jinli ZHANG, Nan LIU, Wei LI, Bin DAI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 514-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1114-z

摘要： Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has become the third most used plastic after polyethylene and polypropylene and the worldwide demand continues to increase. Polyvinyl chloride is produced by polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), which is manufactured industrially via the dehydrochlorination of dichloroethane or the hydrochlorination of acetylene. Currently PVC production through the acetylene hydrochlorination method accounts for about 70% of the total PVC production capacity in China. However, the industrial production of VCM utilizes a mercuric chloride catalyst to promote the reaction of acetylene and hydrogen chloride. During the hydrochlorination, the highly toxic mercuric chloride tends to sublime, resulting in the deactivation of the catalyst and also in severe environmental pollution problems. Hence, for China, it is necessary to explore environmental friendly non-mercury catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination as well as high efficiency novel reactors, with the aim of sustainable PVC production via the acetylene-based method. This paper presents a review of non-mercury heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts as well as reactor designs, and recommends future work for developing cleaner processes to produce VCM over non-mercury catalysts with high activity and long stability.

关键词： polyvinyl chloride vinyl chloride monomer acetylene hydrochlorination non-mercury catalysts green chemical process

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流域清洁生产及其潜力分析方法研究

谢明辉,乔琦,孙启宏

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第3期页码 70-79

摘要：

运用清洁生产的基本原理与方法，在兼具工业生态学理论、循环经济理论、可持续发展理论、系统论等理论基础上，结合我国清洁生产实践要求，将清洁生产的实施层次由企业内部提升为流域层次，探讨了流域清洁生产的理论基础，构建了基于系统动力学的流域清洁生产潜力分析方法。以辽河流域为案例，较系统地分析了该流域的清洁生产潜力，计算了流域清洁生产对于减排的贡献，并基于以上结果提出了辽河流域清洁生产的总体行动路线。

关键词：流域清洁生产潜力系统动力学

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NewIndustrial Revolution and Environmental Protection

Qian Yi

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 71-75 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014011

摘要： Serious environmental problems have appeared in China since the rapid economic growth 30 years ago, which affect human's health and become a limiting factor for further development. It has brought about the rethinking of traditional ways for economy development and environmental protection, and realized that the change in the model of development and environment protection is of significance. A new industrial revolution is needed for protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development. This paper discusses the characteristics of the new industrial revolution for sustainable development including cleaner production, circular economy, and industrial ecology. Lessons from China and abroad will be introduced to prove that new strategies for environment protection and economic development are needed.

关键词： industrial ecology new industrial revolution environmental protection cleaner production circular economy

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Lean Product Development—Faster, Better … Cleaner?

Geert Letens

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 52-59 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015007

摘要： To address this challenge, lean product development has emerged to become the leading improvement methodology for companies toward the creation of a competitive advantage on innovation and technology leadership. While lean product development has its origin in the best practice studies of Japanese car manufacturers such as Toyota, it has been further elaborated in defence and aerospace organizations over the last two decades, and recently empirical evidence has become available for successful introductions in sectors different from the traditionally-studied environments. The primary purpose of this work is to untangle the fuzziness that still surrounds lean product development and to ground the key aspects of lean product development based on insights from six studies published in a special issue of the on this topic. This demonstrates how better and faster product development can be achieved through the integration of lean principles with the best of more traditional new product development (NPD) practices, into a holistic system that can be characterised by value-focused and risk-based decision making, the socio-technical integration of people and process, improved project, pipeline and portfolio management, optimized knowledge management, and the creation of a learning organization. Unfortunately, while the increasing global competition offers the potential to improve the quality of life for many, the spirit of faster, better, and cheaper also threatens to endanger the future of our planet as a whole. As the majority of a product’s social and ecological impacts are committed in the design phase, it, therefore, seems imperative to investigate the integration of lean product development and eco-design principles. As a result, this work also explores the symbiosis of both approaches through the identification of tools and methods that can support the triple bottom-line goals for a sustainable future of life and business.

关键词： lean product development sustainability engineering responsible design

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The impacts of economic restructuring and technology upgrade on air quality and human health in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China

Chao Liu, Hancheng Dai, Lin Zhang, Changchun Feng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1155-y

摘要： Impacts of industrial restructuring and upgrade on air quality & health are assessed. An integrated approach combining different models is used for the assessment. Industrial technology upgrading is more effective than economic restructuring. Ozone is much more difficult to mitigate than PM2.5. In this study, we have analyzed possible policy options to improve the air quality in an industrialized region—Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei (BTH) in China. A comprehensive model framework integrating GAINS-China, GEOS-Chem, and IMED/HEL is established to investigate the impacts of various policies on air pollution and health effects. The model establishes a data interface between economic input/output data and the emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants in the BTH region. Based on in-depth analyses of pollutant emission standards, industrial structure, pollution-intensive industries, and emission intensities in BTH and Pearl River Delta, several scenarios are constructed to explore the effectiveness of policy pathways in improving air quality in the BTH region. These scenarios include two categories: the category of “Industrial Technology Upgrade Policy” scenarios that focuses on reducing the emission intensity of industries vs. that of “Industrial Structure Adjustment Policy” scenarios that focuses on adjusting the proportion of industrial value-added. Our results show that the policy path of industrial technology upgrading can be effective and feasible, while economic structure adjustment shows complex and mixed effectiveness. We also find that the proposed policies and measures will be efficient to reduce pollution of primary pollutants and fine particles, but may not effectively mitigate ambient ozone pollution. Ozone pollution is projected to become increasingly severe in BTH, placing a challenge to pollution mitigation strategies that requires further adjustments to address it.

关键词： Economic restructuring Cleaner production Ambient air pollution Health benefits IMED model

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我国工业水污染防治措施实施情况评估

曹宏斌, 李爱民, 赵赫, 李庭刚, 张笛, 朱利中

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第5期页码 137-144 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.016

摘要：

自2018 年1 月1 日新修订的《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》正式施行以来，工业水污染防治措施条款总体执行良好，全国工业水污染防治相关政策措施与设施建设已取得显著进展与成效。国家及相关部门高度重视、各省市积极响应，发布相关政策法规等60 余项；各级部门继续淘汰落后产能，积极推进企业清洁生产，完成了1400 余项工业集聚区污水集中处理设施建设，支撑水污染防治工程举措落地。此外，通过调研评估发现，在部分法律条款执行和工业系统性水污染防治等方面仍然存在落实进展缓慢的情况，存在条款间地区、行业落实不平衡，污染超标排放时有发生，支撑新的国家/地方污水排放标准的监管能力不足等问题。建议以清洁生产为核心抓手，全过程综合控制工业水污染，同时优化调整排水指标，进一步推进环境信息公开，为水污染防治攻坚战和生态文明建设目标任务的完成提供支撑。

关键词：水污染防治；工业水污染；防治措施；工程举措；清洁生产；信息公开

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Impacts of methanol fuel on vehicular emissions: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1553-4

摘要：

● Methanol effectively reduces CO, HC, CO₂, PM, and PN emissions of gasoline vehicles.

关键词： Methanol fuel Vehicular emission Emission reduction Cleaner fuel Gasoline substitute

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基于高效清洁生产的全过程污染控制（WPPC）——中国钨行业典型案例研究 Article

曹宏斌, 赵赫, 张笛, 刘晨明, 林晓, 李玉平, 宁朋歌, 孙家君, 张懿, 孙峙

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第4期页码 768-776 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.010

摘要：

本研究开发了一种称为全过程污染控制（WPPC）的成本效益方法，以提高过程优化的有效性。本方法以成本及环境影响最小化为目标，将废物处理作为生产过程的一部分。主要从以下方面开展了研究：①物质能量流调查，基于潜在污染物的分布和理化性质进行系统分析；②过程优化，提高不同元素的利用效率，减少污染物排放；③综合成本评估，揭示最佳优化方案。本研究选择仲钨酸铵生产作为案例，选取成本效益因子和环境影响指标进行不同优化方案的评价比较。本研究表明，考虑到潜在污染物的性质、技术创新、经济可行性、环境影响和法规要求，WPPC可有效地优化金属生产过程。

关键词：全过程污染控制过程优化工业污染钨

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Reiner Anderl：Smart Product and Production Engineering enabling new Business Models（2019年9月18日）

2021年08月12日

关键词：智能制造

“Composition” and regularisation of architectural production in contemporary China

Hua LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 465-473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0097-z

摘要： The purpose of this paper is to explore how the “Beaux-Arts” “composition” sustained the constitution of design principles for architectural production in China in the last two decades of the twentieth century. “Composition”, a key technique of the “Beaux-Arts” system, is not a simple act of “putting elements together” into a unified whole, but also relates to an array of different “constructions” of architectural knowledge which regulate and sustain the act of design. Through analysing the structure of three “textbooks” published in the early 1980s, this paper examines three aspects of the “constructions”: the setting up of the principles for governing architectural forms, regularisation of design methods and approaches for architectural practice, and the construction of a “tradition” for the expression of “Chineseness”.

关键词： composition “Beaux-Arts” regulate architectural production

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A comparison of production system life cycle models

Rajesh ATTRI, Sandeep GROVER

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 305-311 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0332-5

摘要：

Companies today need to keep up with the rapidly changing market conditions to stay competitive. The main issues in this paper are related to a company’s market and its competitors. The prediction of market behavior is helpful for a manufacturing enterprise to build efficient production systems. However, these predictions are usually not reliable. A production system is required to adapt to changing markets, but such requirement entails higher cost. Hence, analyzing different life cycle models of the production system is necessary. In this paper, different life cycle models of the production system are compared to evaluate the distinctive features and the limitations of each model. Furthermore, the difference between product life cycle and production life cycle is summarized, and the effect of product life cycle on production life cycle is explained. Finally, a production system life cycle model, along with key activities to be performed in each stage, is proposed specifically for the manufacturing sector.

关键词： production system life cycle model product

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Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023511

摘要：

● Cash crops and livestock production in Yangtze River Basin has grown rapidly.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development crop production livestock production multi-pollutant models multiple pollutants Yangtze River Basin

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 25-34

摘要：

• China is now the largest egg production country worldwide

• Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects

• China is now capable of breeding new varieties, with more than 50% of the market share

• Policies have been implemented to ensure sustainable development of egg production

• Integrating crop-chicken-vegetable production system is established

Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

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Persistent Integration and Innovation Management Mode and Its Applications in Petroleum Production Engineering

He Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 339-343 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015055

摘要： This paper proposes a new management mode named the persistent integration and innovation management mode to satisfy the requirements by the fast development at oilfields. Taking engineering philosophy as the guidance and technical innovations in petroleum production engineering as the breaking point, the management mode combines long term production practice at oilfields with modern management methods. The management mode integrates intellectuals, techniques, capital, and information and so on to accomplish global optimization of resource configuration. Sets of new techniques, new methods, new technologies and new equipment in petroleum production engineering have been proposed under the guidance of the management mode, achieving great social and economic benefits.

关键词： integration and innovation engineering philosophy petroleum production engineering Daqing Oilfield